Abstract
A detailed case study examining the operation, challenges, and impact of informal underground schools for girls in Kabul province.
This case study documents the remarkable resilience of Afghan communities in establishing and maintaining underground schools for girls in Kabul. Through interviews with 25 teachers and 40 students, we explore the innovative strategies used to circumvent restrictions.
Findings
- Over 150 underground schools operate in Kabul alone
- Teachers risk arrest to provide education
- Curriculum includes STEM subjects alongside traditional topics
- International funding remains critically insufficient